The American Journal of Surgery
Volume 197, Issue 3 , Pages 320-324 , March 2009

Incidental thyroid nodule: patterns of diagnosis and rate of malignancy

  • Judy Jin, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    • ,
  • Scott M. Wilhelm, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    • ,
  • Christopher R. McHenry, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +01-216-778-4753; fax: +01-216-778-3774

Received 2 August 2008 ,Revised 20 October 2008

References 

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  2. Youserm DM, Huang T, Loevner LA, et al. Clinical and economic impact of incidental thyroid lesions found with CT and MR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1997;18:1423–1428
  3. Steele SR, Martin MJ, Mullenix PS, et al. The significance of incidental thyroid abnormalities identified during carotid duplex ultrasonography. Arch Surg. 2005;140:981–985
  4. Cohen MS, Arslan N, Dehdashti F, et al. Risk of malignancy in thyroid incidentalomas identified by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. Surgery. 2001;130:941–946
  5. Are C, Hsu JF, Schoder H, et al. FDG-PET detected thyroid incidentalomas: need for further investigation?. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:239–247
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  8. Kim DL, Song KH, Kim SK. High prevalence of carcinoma in ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of thyroid nodules. Endocr J. 2008;55:135–142
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  15. Kang KW, Kim SK, Kang HS, et al. Prevalence and risk of cancer of focal thyroid incidentaloma identified by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for metastasis evaluation and cancer screening in healthy subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:4100–4104
  16. Vassilopoulou-Sellin R, Palmer L, Taylor S, et al. Incidence of breast carcinoma in women with thyroid carcinoma. Cancer. 1999;85:696–705
  17. Nakhjavani MK, Gharib H, Goellner JR, et al. Metastasis to the thyroid gland (A report of 43 cases). Cancer. 1997;79:574–578
  18. Nam SY, Roh JL, Kim JS, et al. Focal uptake of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose by thyroid in patients with nonthyroidal head and neck cancers. Clin Endocrinol. 2007;67:135–139
  19. Chen YK, Liu FY, Yen RF, et al. Compare FDG-PET and Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT to detect metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Acad Radiol. 2003;10:835–839
  20. Salvatori M, Melis L, Castaldi P, et al. Clinical significance of focal and diffuse thyroid diseases identified by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Biomed Pharmacother. 2007;61:488–493

PII: S0002-9610(08)00777-0

doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.10.006

The American Journal of Surgery
Volume 197, Issue 3 , Pages 320-324 , March 2009

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