Abdominal wall repair using human acellular dermal matrix: a follow-up study

Abstract 

Background

The role of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) is unclear. The aim of this study was to review the management, complications, and long-term outcomes of AWR using ADM in a large surgical cohort.

Methods

Retrospective chart review of patients undergoing AWR using ADM from 2004 to 2007 was performed. Demographic data, comorbidities, complications, and long-term outcomes were collected.

Results

There were 77 cases in 68 patients with mean age of 61.1 ± 1.4 years. The most common indication was infected fascia (n = 19 [25%]). Wound closure was achieved in 75% of the cases via primary (n = 26 [45%]), secondary intention (n = 17 [29%]), or skin graft (n = 15 [26%]). Nonprimary closure was achieved in 5.7 ± .7 months. There were 32 perioperative (39%) and 33 long-term (43%) complications. Over a mean follow-up period of 13.2 ± 1.5 months, the hernia recurrence rate was 27% (n = 21).

Conclusion

Although ADM is a viable option in AWR, the high hernia recurrence rate warrants a continued search for alternative biologic materials to improve outcomes.

Keywords: Acellular dermal matrix, AlloDerm, Abdominal wall reconstruction, Recurrent ventral hernia, Long-term outcomes with acellular dermal matrix