The American Journal of Surgery
Volume 199, Issue 1, Supplement , Pages S21-S31 , January 2010

Mandated quality measures and economic implications of venous thromboembolism prevention and management

  • Marc A. Passman, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author: Tel.: +1-205-934-2003; fax: +1-205-934-0024

Received 23 July 2009 ,Revised 22 October 2009

References 

  1. US Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism. http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/deepvein2008;Accessed: June 12, 2009
  2. Geerts WH, Bergqvist D, Pineo GF, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2008;133:381S–453S
  3. Goldhaber SZ, Tapson VF. DVT Free Steering Committee (A prospective registry of 5,451 patients with ultrasound-confirmed deep vein thrombosis). Am J Cardiol. 2004;93:259–262
  4. Anderson FA, Wheeler HB, Goldberg RJ, et al. Physician practices in the prevention of venous thromboembolism. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:591
  5. Tapson VF, Decousus H, Pini M, et al. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in acutely ill hospitalized medical patients: findings from the International Medical Prevention Registry on venous thromboembolism. Chest. 2007;132:936–945
  6. Stratton MA, Anderson FA, Bussey HI, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: adherence to the 1995 American College of Chest Physicians consensus guidelines for surgical patients. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:334–340
  7. Cohen AT, Tapson VF, Bergmann JF, et al. Venous thromboembolism risk and prophylaxis in the acute hospital care setting (ENDORSE study): a multinational cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2008;371:387–394
  8. Clagett GP, Anderson FA, Heit J, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism. Chest. 1995;108:312S–334S
  9. Geerts WH, Pineo GF, Heit JA, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest. 2004;126:338S–400S
  10. Kohn KT. To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1999;
  11. National Quality Forum. Safe Practices for Better Healthcare: A Consensus Report. Washington, DC: National Quality Forum; 2003;
  12. National Quality Forum. National Voluntary Consensus Standards for Prevention and Care of Venous Thromboembolism: Policy, Preferred Practices, and Initial Performance Measures—A Consensus Report. Washington, DC: National Quality Forum; 2006;
  13. National Quality Forum. National Voluntary Consensus Standards for Prevention and Care of Venous Thromboembolism: Additional Performance Measures—A Consensus Report. Washington, DC: National Quality Forum; 2008;
  14. National Quality Forum. Safe Practices for Better Healthcare; 2009 Update: A Consensus Report. Washington, DC: National Quality Forum; 2009;
  15. Haralson RH. Clearing up the confusion with VTE and/or PE prophylaxis guidelines (AAOS Now). http://www.aaos.org/news/aaosnow/jan08/clinical2.asp2008;Accessed: June 1, 2009
  16. Surgical Care Improvement Project. VTE prophylaxis pocket card. http://www.qualitynet.org/dcs/ContentServer?cid=1176726306714&pagename=Medqic%2FMQTools%2FToolTemplate&c=MQToolsApril 2009;Accessed: June 24, 2009
  17. Surgical Care Improvement Project. Specifications manual for national hospital inpatient quality measures, version 3.0. http://www.qualitynet.org/dcs/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=QnetPublic%2FPage%2FQnetTier4&cid=1228695698425May 2009;Accessed: June 24, 2009
  18. Shojania K, Duncan B, McDonald K, et al. Making Health Care Safer: A Critical Analysis of Patient Safety Practices (AHRQ publication 01-E058). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2001;
  19. Maynard G, Stein J. Preventing Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism: A Guide for Effective Quality Improvement. AHRQ publication 08-0075 Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2008;
  20. Schünemann H, Cook D, Grimshaw J, et al. Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy: from evidence to application (The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy). Chest. 2004;126(Suppl):688S–696S
  21. McMullin J, Cook D, Griffith L, et al. Minimizing errors of omission: behavioural reenforcement of heparin to avert venous emboli: the BEHAVE study. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:694–699
  22. Timmons S, O'Callaghan C, O'Connor M, et al. Audit-guided action can improve the compliance with thromboembolic prophylaxis prescribing to hospitalized, acutely ill older adults. J Thromb Haemost. 2005;3:2112–2113
  23. Mosen D, Elliott C, Egger M, et al. The effect of a computerized reminder system on the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism. Chest. 2004;125:1635–1641
  24. Kucher N, Koo S, Quiroz R, et al. Electronic alerts to prevent venous thromboembolism among hospitalized patients. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:969–977
  25. Tooher R, Middleton P, Pham C, et al. A systematic review of strategies to improve prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in hospitals. Ann Surg. 2005;241:397–415
  26. Michota F. Bridging the gap between evidence and practice in venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: the quality improvement process. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22:1762–1770
  27. Cundiff DK. Anticoagulation therapy for venous thromboembolism. Medscape Gen Med. 2004;6:5;http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/487577. Accessed: June 24, 2009
  28. Heit JA, Cohen AT, Anderson FA VTE Impact Assessment Group. Estimated annual number of incident and recurrent, non-fatal and fatal venous thromboembolism (VTE) events in the US (abstr). Blood. 2005;106:910
  29. MacDougall D, Feliu A, Boccuzzi S, et al. Economic burden of deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and post-thrombotic syndrome. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006;63(Suppl 6):S5–S15
  30. Dimick J, Chen S, Taheri P, et al. Hospital costs associated with surgical complications: a report from the private-sector National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. J Am Coll Surg. 2004;199:531–537
  31. Hansson P, Sörbo J, Eriksson H. Recurrent venous thromboembolism after deep vein thrombosis incidence and risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:769–774
  32. Cushman M, Tsai A, White R, et al. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in two cohorts: the longitudinal investigation of thromboembolism etiology. Am J Med. 2004;117:19–25
  33. Heit J, Mohr D, Silverstein M, et al. Predictors of recurrence after deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:761–768
  34. Spyropoulos A, Lin J. Direct medical costs of venous thromboembolism and subsequent hospital readmission rates: an administrative claims analysis from 30 managed care organizations. J Manag Care Pharm. 2007;13:475–486
  35. Bergmann J, Neuhart E. A multicenter randomized double-blind study of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolic disease in elderly in-patients bedridden for an acute medical illness (The Enoxaparin in Medicine Study Group). Thromb Haemost. 1996;76:529
  36. Harenberg J, Roebruck P, Heene D. Heparin Study in Internal Medicine Group (Subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin versus standard heparin and the prevention of thromboembolism in medical inpatients). Haemostasis. 1996;26:127–139
  37. Lechler E, Schramm W, Flosbach C. The Prime Study Group (The venous thrombotic risk in non-surgical patients: epidemiological data and efficacy/safety profile of a low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin)). Haemostasis. 1996;26:49
  38. Kleber F, Witt C, Vogel G, et al. THE-PRINCE Study Group (Randomized comparison of enoxaparin with unfractionated heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in medical patients with heart failure or severe respiratory disease). Am Heart J. 2003;145:614–621
  39. Samama M, Cohen A, Darmon J, et al. Prophylaxis in Medical Patients With Enoxaparin Study Group (A comparison of enoxaparin with placebo for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients). N Engl J Med. 1999;341:793–800
  40. Warkentin TE, Levine MN, Hirsh J, et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:1330–1335
  41. Spyropoulos AC. Outpatient-based treatment protocols in the management of venous thromboembolic disease. Am J Manag Care. 2000;6:S1034–S1044
  42. Deitelzweig SB, Becker R, Lin J, et al. Comparison of the two-year outcomes and costs of prophylaxis in medical patients at risk of venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost. 2008;100:810–820
  43. Lundkvist J, Bergqvist D, Jonsson B. Cost-effectiveness of extended prophylaxis with fondaparinux compared with low molecular weight heparin against venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Eur J Health Econ. 2007;8:313–323

 No conflicts of interest exist.

PII: S0002-9610(09)00637-0

doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2009.10.005

The American Journal of Surgery
Volume 199, Issue 1, Supplement , Pages S21-S31 , January 2010