The American Journal of Surgery
Volume 178, Issue 1 , Pages 60-63 , July 1999

Indications for and results of surgical therapy for male gynecomastia

  • Mario Colombo-Benkmann, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationRequests for reprints should be addressed to Mario Colombo-Benkmann, MD, PhD, Department of Surgery, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
    • ,
  • Benedikt Buse, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    • ,
  • Josef Stern, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    • ,
  • Christian Herfarth, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Received 2 November 1998 ,Revised 19 April 1999 ,Accepted 19 April 1999.

References 

  1. Simon BE, Hoffman S, Kahn S. Classification and surgical correction for gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1973;51:48–52
  2. Georgiadis E, Papandreou L, Evangelopoulou C. Incidence of gynecomastia in 954 young males and its relationship to somatometric parameters. Ann Hum Biol. 1994;21:579–587
  3. Sandler B, Carman C, Perry RR. Cancer of the male breast. Am Surg. 1994;60:816–820
  4. Eade GG. The radial incision for gynecomastia excisions. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1974;54:495–497
  5. Huang TT, Hidalgo JE, Lewis SR. A circumareolar approach in surgical management of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982;69:35–40
  6. Courtiss EH. Gynecomastia (analysis of 159 patients and current recommendations for treatment). Plast Reconstr Surg. 1987;79:740–750
  7. Deutinger M, Freilinger G. Die gynäkomastie. Versuch einer klassifizierung und operative ergebnisse. Handchirurgie. 1986;18:239–241
  8. Schrudde J, Petrovici V, Steffens K. Chirurgische therapie der ausgeprägten gynäkomastie. Chirurg. 1986;57:88–91
  9. Samdal F, Kleppe G, Amland PF, Åbyholm F. Surgical treatment of gynecomastia. Scand J Plast Reconstr Hand Surg. 1994;28:123–130

PII: S0002-9610(99)00108-7

The American Journal of Surgery
Volume 178, Issue 1 , Pages 60-63 , July 1999

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