Abstract
Background
We examined the effectiveness of technical training (TT) and quiet eye training (QE)
on the performance of one-handed square knot tying in surgical residents.
Methods
Twenty surgical residents were randomly assigned to the 2 groups and completed pretest,
training, retention, and transfer tests. Participants wore a mobile eye tracker that
simultaneously recorded their gaze and hand movements. Dependent variables were knot
tying performance (%), QE duration (%), number of fixations, total movement time (s),
and hand movement phase time (s).
Results
The QE training group had significantly higher performance scores, a longer QE duration,
fewer fixations, faster total knot tying times, and faster movement phase times compared
with the TT group. The QE group maintained performance in the transfer test, whereas
the TT group significantly decreased performance from retention to transfer.
Conclusions
QE training significantly improved learning, retention, and transfer of surgical knot
tying compared with a traditional technical approach. Both performance effectiveness
(performance outcome) and movement efficiency (hand movement times) were improved
using QE modeling, instruction, and feedback.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 28, 2014
Received in revised form:
December 11,
2013
Received:
November 6,
2013
Footnotes
Funding was provided by the Royal College of Physician and Surgeons, Canada and the University of Calgary Program for Undergraduate Research Experience.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- The eye of the masterThe American Journal of SurgeryVol. 208Issue 2
