Highlights
- •Forced expiratory volume in 1 second as percent of predicted (FEV1%) is an important component of pulmonary function tests (PFTs).
- •Reduced preoperative FEV1% correlates with increased intraoperative estimated blood loss and skin-to-skin operative times.
- •Reduced preoperative FEV1% also correlates with increased rates of postoperative arrhythmias requiring intervention, prolonged air leak >5 days, mucous plug formation, hypoxia, pneumonia, and total postoperative complications.
- •Patients with reduced preoperative FEV1% have shorter median overall survival after pulmonary lobectomy.
- •Preoperative PFTs can help determine patients at risk for postoperative morbidity.
Abstract
Introduction
Effects of pulmonary function test (PFT) results on perioperative outcomes were investigated
after robotic-assisted video-thoracoscopic (RAVT) pulmonary lobectomy.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 706 consecutive patients who underwent RAVT lobectomy
by one surgeon over 10.8 years. Preoperative (preop) forced expiratory volume in one
second as a percent of predicted (FEV1%) was used to group patients as having normal
FEV1% (≥80%) versus reduced FEV1% (<80%). Demographics, preop comorbidities, intraoperative
(intraop) and postoperative (postop) complications, perioperative outcomes, and median
survival time (MST) were compared across patients with normal vs. reduced FEV1% using
Chi-Square (X2), Fisher's Exact test, Student's t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, or Kaplan-Meier analysis respectively, with significance
at p ≤ 0.05. Multivariable analysis was performed for perioperative outcomes to investigate
the differences across patients in the FEV1% groups.
Results
There were 470 patients with normal FEV1% and 236 patients with reduced FEV1%. The
two FEV1% groups did not differ in intraop or postop complication rates, except for
higher postop other arrhythmia requiring intervention (p = 0.004), prolonged air leak >5 days (p = 0.002), mucous plug formation (p = 0.009), hypoxia (p < 0.001), and pneumonia (p = 0.002), and total postop complications (p < 0.001) in reduced-FEV1% patients. Reduced FEV1% correlated with increased intraop
estimated blood loss (p < 0.0001) and skin-to-skin operative time (p < 0.0001). Median overall survival in patients with normal FEV1% was 93.20 months
(95% CI: 76.5–126.0) versus 58.9 months (95% CI: 50.4–68.4) in patients with reduced
FEV1% (p = 0.0004).
Conclusion
Patients should have PFTs conducted before surgery to determine at-risk patients.
However, RAVT pulmonary lobectomy is feasible and safe even in patients with reduced
FEV1%.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
February 22,
2023
Received in revised form:
February 7,
2023
Received:
September 25,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc.
